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GPON vs EPON vs BPON

GPON VS EPON VS BPON

GPON stands for Gigabit Passive Optical Networks. GPON is a point-to-multi point access mechanism. Its main characteristic is the use of passive splitters in the fibre distribution network, enabling one single feeding fibre from the provider's central office to serve multiple homes and small businesses.

EPON is quickly supplanting copper cable technology, DSL, and other traditional broadband access solutions. A standard EPON can currently support speeds up to 1.25Gbit/second; advanced 10G-EPON technology, providing speeds up to 10Gbit/second, is quickly becoming the benchmark.

BPON ( Broadband Passive Optical Network) and GPON are similar as well in the same aspects above. They both utilize fiber optics and can serve 16 to 32 users. BPONs specifications follow ITU-T G983.1 while GPONs follows ITU-T G984.1. When PON applications started being introduced, BPON was the most popular.

The table below shows a general comparison between GPON, EPON and BPON.

Specifications	BPON	EPON	GPON
Full form	Broadband PON(enhancement of APON-ATM PON)	Ethernet PON	Gigabit PON
Standard	ITU-T G.983	IEEE 802.3ah	ITU-T G.984
Upstream λ	1310 nm	1310 nm	1310 nm
Downstream λ	1490 nm and 1550 nm	1550 nm	1490 nm and 1550 nm
Protocol	ATM	Ethernet	ATM, TDM, GEM, Ethernet
Speed supported	Downstream speeds <=622 Mbps Upstream speeds <= 155 Mbps	Downstream speeds <=1.25 Gbps Upstream speeds <= 1.25 Gbps	Downstream speeds <=2.488 Gbps Upstream speeds <= 1.244 Gbps
Maximum distance	20 Km	10/20 Km	10/20 Km